What Is an ARM SBC and Why It Matters in Embedded Design

Title: What Is an ARM SBC and Why It Matters in Embedded Design An ARM SBC (Single Board Computer) is a compact, all-in-one computing platform based on an ARM processor. Unlike traditional computers that require multiple hardware components such as CPU, RAM, storage, and expansion cards, an ARM SBC integrates all these essentials into a single printed circuit board. These boards are designed for embedded systems, industrial equipment, IoT solutions, and smart control panels that require compactness, efficiency, and reliability.

 

Why ARM SBCs Stand Out

ARM SBCs offer an attractive combination of low power consumption, high efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The ARM architecture follows the Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) model, which allows processors to perform tasks using fewer instructions. This results in less heat, lower power draw, and often no need for active cooling. As a result, many ARM boards operate fanless in environments with limited airflow. Most ARM boards are equipped with a rich set of interfaces, including GPIO, I2C, SPI, UART, USB, HDMI, and display outputs such as MIPI-DSI and LVDS. This flexibility makes them ideal for custom HMI projects, automation systems, and portable embedded devices.

Why Choose an ARM-Based Board?

• Energy Efficiency: ARM SBCs usually consume less than 5 watts, which is critical for battery-powered or solar-powered applications.
• Small Form Factor: Many ARM boards are credit card-sized or smaller, enabling integration into space-limited products.
• Affordability: ARM chips and related ecosystems are generally more budget-friendly than x86 counterparts.
• Broad OS Support: From Linux (Ubuntu, Debian) to Android, ARM SBCs support a wide variety of operating systems.

These features make ARM SBCs the go-to choice for long-lifecycle, low-maintenance embedded applications.

Common Use Cases for ARM SBCs

• Industrial Automation: Used in HMI terminals, machine control panels, and remote monitoring systems.
• IoT Gateways: With low power draw and wireless options, ARM SBCs are excellent for data collection and transmission.
• Smart Home Devices: Ideal for smart thermostats, embedded speakers, and control panels.
• Kiosks and Multimedia: Boards with display and audio capabilities serve digital signage and infotainment systems.
• STEM Education and Prototyping: Entry-level ARM SBCs are widely used in learning and DIY projects.

Choosing the Right ARM SBC

When selecting an ARM SBC, consider the following:

• CPU: From Cortex-A7 to Cortex-A55 and beyond, choose a processor that meets your computing needs.
• Display and I/O: Look for interfaces like LVDS, HDMI, or MIPI depending on your display requirements.
• Connectivity: Ethernet, Wi-Fi, BLE, and optional cellular modules are important depending on your project.
• Environmental Factors: Industrial settings may need wide temperature tolerance and flexible power input.
• Software Support: Ensure that a stable BSP, kernel source, and documentation are available.

Popular ARM SBC Platforms

• Raspberry Pi 4: Great for prototyping and general-purpose computing with a vast community.
• Rockchip PX30 and RK3566 Boards: Well-suited for multimedia and HMI systems with Android/Linux support.
• Allwinner A64/V3s: Affordable boards used in smart panels and access control.
• NXP i.MX6/i.MX8: Designed for long lifecycle industrial deployments with extensive ecosystem support.

Looking Ahead

ARM SBCs continue to evolve with new features:

• Integration of AI engines for edge processing
• Improved efficiency and thermal design
• Support for 5G, USB-C, and security enhancements
• Modular SOM (System-on-Module) formats for faster customization

In summary, whether you’re developing an industrial control unit, a smart kiosk, or a battery-powered IoT gateway, ARM SBCs offer a strong foundation. Their balance of size, power, performance, and cost ensures that ARM boards will remain essential tools in embedded design for years to come.

Further Reading: ARM-Based Android SBCs